Ghee (Clarified Butter) (Ghrita)
Ghee is the quintessential culinary fat in Ayurveda, revered for its ability to nourish the body while acting as a vital medium for nutrient absorption. It is prepared by simmering butter to remove water content and milk solids, resulting in a shelf-stable, golden oil. In the kitchen, it is prized for its high smoke point and its capacity to carry the properties of herbs and spices into the deeper tissues of the body. Traditionally, ghee is considered a premier 'sneha' (oleating agent). It is not merely a cooking medium but a foundational food that supports digestive health and tissue vitality. Whether used to sauté vegetables, enrich meat broths, or as a finishing touch to a meal, ghee is valued for its ability to balance the digestive fire (Agni) without extinguishing it, provided it is used in appropriate quantities.
Category: fat
Classical attributes
- Rasa: Madhura
- Virya: Sheeta
- Vipaka: Madhura
Preparation notes
Ghee is best prepared by slow-simmering unsalted butter until the milk solids turn golden and the water evaporates. In culinary practice, it is often used to 'fry' spices (like cumin or mustard seeds) before adding vegetables or grains to enhance flavor and digestibility.
Health benefits
- Supports healthy digestion and nutrient assimilation
- Promotes tissue lubrication and suppleness
- Acts as a vehicle (yogavahi) for herbs and spices
- Provides sustained energy and satiety
- Supports healthy cognitive function and mental clarity
Culinary uses
- Tempering (tadka) spices to release fat-soluble aromatics
- Sautéing vegetables like vastuka or upodika
- Enriching soups, dals, and meat broths
- Base for medicated food preparations (samskara)
- Finishing fat for cooked grains and legumes
Indications
- Used in peya (medicated gruels), soups, and with vegetables to improve palatability and digestion.
Pathya (supportive)
- Suitable for daily consumption in moderate amounts for most constitutions.
Apathya (avoid)
- Avoid in cases of severe digestive stagnation (ama) or acute congestion.
Classical sources
- Charaka Samhita · कल्पस्थानम् · जीमूतककल्पो · जीमूतककल्पो · इक्ष्वाकुकल्पः · इक्ष्वाकुकल्पः · इक्ष्वाकु कल्पना · इक्ष्वाकु कल्प · कल्पस्थानम् · धामार्गव कल्प · धामार्गवकल्प · वत्सक कल्प · वत्सककल्प · कृतवेधन कल्प · कृतवेधनकल्प · Unit 26 — 01 26
- Charaka Samhita · Sutrasthana · Pankajakaya Varga · Udāvartapratiṣēdha Adhyāya · Agniveshadi Varga · Chikitsastana Pratham · Shirasiya · Agnivesh-tantra-nimantraṇa · Unit 70 — 01 70
- Charaka Samhita · Sūtra Sthana 1 · Unit 53 — 01 53
- Charaka Samhita · Sutra Sthana · Arochaka Pratishedha · Dasha-vidha-Atura-Bhediya Adhyaya · Unit 13 — 01 13